ESTIRJ Volume 7, Issue2  June, 2023

Paper 1: SIMULATION OF HYDROGEN AND NITROGEN REMOVAL PROCESS FROM SNG THROUGH MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY (1-7)

Abstract: The growing demand for cleaner and more efficient energy sources has led to a surge in the development of membrane-based separation technologies for natural gas processing. This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the performance and economic evaluation of membrane-based separation processes for the removal of contaminants and purification of synthetic natural gas (SNG). Six different feed gas compositions were considered, and the membrane separation process was optimized using Aspen HYSYS simulation software. The effect of temperature, pressure, and feed flow rate on the separation performance was thoroughly investigated, and optimal operating conditions were identified to maximize the recovery of methane and minimize the presence of impurities, including N2, and H2. The study also analyzed the impact of these variables on capital costs, equipment costs, total utility costs, and total installation costs. An economic evaluation was conducted to determine the most cost-effective membrane separation process design, taking into account both technical and economic factors. The results demonstrated that the optimized membrane separation process, achieved a high methane recovery rate and effectively removed contaminants from the SNG. Moreover, the economic evaluation revealed that the proposed process could be a competitive and environmentally sustainable option for natural gas processing. The study concludes by highlighting the potential of membrane-based separation technologies for SNG processing and providing recommendations for future research, including the exploration of novel membrane materials and the development of hybrid separation processes to further improve the efficiency and economic feasibility of natural gas processing.

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Paper 2: DISCRETE TIME SLOT ANALYSIS OF A NON PREEMPTIVE PRIORITY QUEUING SYSTEM USING EARLY ARRIVAL TECHNIQUE (8-12)

Abstract: In this paper, we take into account a discrete-time non-preemptive priority queuing system having two servers and two queues. Rate of arrival and rate of service is geometrically distributed. We use early arrival approach to analyze system. Appling this method a Markov chain for the system is built that defines relationships between the state probabilities of the system. These probabilities are used to derive analytical equations of system. We generate and calculate a number of system performance parameters, including system server utilization, throughput, and system size by using analytical equations obtained from Markov chain in MATLAB. For the purpose of validation of obtained results we then used MATLAB Simulink.

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Paper 3: SIMULATING THE PERFORMANCE OF COILED-TUBING VELOCITY STRINGS IN GAS WELLS TO OPTIMIZE PRODUCTION AGAINST LIQUID LOAD-UP PROBLEM (13-18)

Abstract: : During initial commissioning reservoir pressure is quite enough to produced hydrocarbons. By the time when gas wells tends to produce hydrocarbons at optimum flow rates natural depletion tends to occur and reservoir pressure depletes Most reservoir are interconnected with strong aquifers which tends to produce excessive water production at higher draw down inside wellbores. Excessive water production increasing trend restrict the gas flow and ultimately well ceased to flow. It became major challenge for field personal to resume the flow from such wellheads and optimize Gas production. Various methods are available to overcome the water load up issues inside such wells which includes wellhead compression, choke back the well. The main objective of this thesis was to evaluate the performance of VS coiled tubing in such wellheads through IPM PROSPER. This study aims production optimization using Coiled Tubing Velocity string to improve wellbore hydraulics to overcome water load up impact. In this regard Vertical/Horizontal wells are taken into consideration at different water production rates pre/post VS installations.

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Paper 4: IDENTIFYING THE BENEFITS AND BARRIERS OF IMPLEMENTING AR AND VR IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY OF SINDH, PAKISTAN PAKISTAN(19-23)

Abstract: This research paper focuses on exploring barriers of implementing Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality (AR/VR) technologies in the construction industry, using the construction industry of Sindh, Pakistan as an example. While AR/VR technologies have the potential to provide benefits, the construction industry has been slow to adopt them. It has been found there are certain barriers that affect the implementation process of AR and VR technologies in the construction sector. To better understand this phenomenon unstructured interviews with field experts and a questionnaire survey to collect data on the potential barriers of AR/VR technologies in construction has been conducted. The results show there are also several barriers to adoption, including a lack of awareness, lack of expertise, and high implementation costs. The paper concludes that this research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on AR/VR technologies in engineering, and provides practical insights that can be used by engineering practitioners and policymakers to overcome the barriers to adoption and maximize the benefits of AR/VR technologies in construction.

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