ESTIRJ Volume 4, Issue4  Dec, 2020

Paper 1: MODELING AND SIMULATION OF TRIPLE CONCENTRIC TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER USING DIFFERENT MATERIALS (1-10)

Abstract: Concrete exposed to chloride environment such as Marine and Cold Regions experience Chloride Ingress. Chloride Diffusion in concrete is concentration dependent process. Generally chloride ions move from higher concentration to lower concentration. Chloride ion concentration wen accumulates to a threshold level on the surface of steel in concrete; it causes steel de-passivation and ultimately process of corrosion starts. Chloride diffusion modeling is generally done using Fick’s second law of diffusion. For tis purpose a number of diffusion models are available, which mainly dependent on ageing factors. A new simplified model has been developed which consider the decreasing effect of chloride diffusion over time period. This simplified diffusion model mainly depends on the decrease of diffusion of chloride ions rate over time based on up-dated ageing factor.

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Paper 2: SERVICE AND FLOW PROCESSES ANALYSIS OF CONGESTED SYSTEM USING DOUBLE SERVICE RATE (11-14)

Abstract: In this paper service and flow process analysis of queuing system is conducted, aiming to minimize the congestion in the queuing system by applying double service rate to provide service at maximum possible level. Arrival process is taken as Poisson distribution and service process is exponentially distributed. System has only one server with finite queue size with two thresholds Q1 and Q2. Queuing system has two types of service which associates with the queue thresholds, system has simple service rate when queue size is ≤ Q1, when queue size is >Q1 the system will switch to the double service rate in order to minimize the congestion in the system. A queuing system is modeled with only one server. Markov process chain and flow process of the system is generated along with its transition matrix and starting states equations. Congestion of the system can be easily handled by increasing the service rate when the number of customers reach a particular threshold.

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Paper 3: AWARENESS ACCEPTANCE LEVEL AND ATTITUDE OF USER FOR EFFECTIVE USE OF LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AT MEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO (15-20)

Abstract: The objective of this study is to find the level awareness and effectiveness of using LMS in Mehran University and to identify the attitude of faculty members and student towards the LMS and find out the problems that have slowed down the adoption of LMS in Mehran UET Jamshoro .In this study The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is used for quantitative research .The random sampling data was collected through Google forms totally 350 responses were received out of 950 participants belonging to MUET. The collected descriptive data was analyzed through SPSS software by calculating Means, standard deviation, Reliability and Correlation analysis and the regression test for measuring significant impact on students' attitude and faculty members towards using of (LMS) . It was developed to gather information regarding the verifying impact of factors ‘Perceive Ease of use (PEOU)’ and ‘Perceived Usefulness (PU)’ on attitude towards use of LMS. Unstructured interviews were also conducted in order to achieve the objectives of the study for assessing Awareness, Effective Usage and hurdles in the usage of LMS. The statistical results show high acceptance and positive attitudes of students and faculty members towards using the LMS in teaching and learning, in University. The findings of the survey reveal that the biggest barrier is poor Internet access and networking and second one is the inadequate trainings/awareness on the LMS platforms. Based on the survey results, researchers recommend that university should provide more comprehensive trainings regarding the use of LMS in an optimal way to increase its effectiveness in teaching and learning and should conduct further studies to find out more impeding issues and redressal strategies for proper and successful implementation.

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Paper 4: MODELING AND SIMULATION OF SINGLE PHASE CROSS SWITCH MULTILEVEL INVERTER USING NLC (21-28)

Abstract: In medium-voltage (MV) high-energy applications, MLI assume a significant function specifically every section of the industry, alongside an inexhaustible to complex interface. While the employments of multilevel inverters in all industries are continually rising, such difficulties are additionally being set down. One of the most troublesome issues with multi-level inverters under high force and medium voltage conditions is the expanded number of electronic components. Also, high level inverters associated with the network unwavering quality are reliant on exchanging misfortunes because of yield influence, proficiency and semiconductor devices. In this manner, during the production of a tweak method, we should think about these evolving misfortunes. This paper consequently offers 9-level cross-switch inverters that have been developed utilizing six IGBT switches, a passage circuit and a mix of two dc sources. The structure permits higher voltages with high changing over effectiveness, all out THD and low exchanging misfortunes. The particular SHE-PWM control strategy is applied over the span of improving the highlights of multilevel inverters and improving their effectiveness. The Newton Raphson (N-R) calculation is concentrated here to register the exchanging plots for different records of tweak. The key voltage is accomplished by settling the conditions to take out the sounds of the ideal and some low request. The product bundle MATLAB Simulink was utilized for reproduction based examination. The proficiency of the inverter was checked through a full assessment of two control strategies. At long last, we break down and clarify a relative examination between the design and the ongoing geographies.

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Paper 5: EVALUATION OF PHASE TRAPPING DAMAGE USING HYDROCARBON BASE FLUIDS (29-35)

Abstract: : At present, low permeability and tight gas reservoirs have signatures of various problems and significant damages due to their low matrix nature. During the invasion of wellbore fluid in drilling and completion operations, the increment of additional phase saturation dramatic damage to permeability of produced phase. The trapped wellbore fluid causes 80% reduction in the relative permeability of produced phase near the wellbore. The interfacial tension (IFT) and capillary pressure are the dominant factors to control the trapping mechanism and displacement of the trapped wellbore fluid towards production. This study based on the investigation of the phase tapping damage using diesel oil and brine base fluids. The diesel oil was used as base fluids for investigation as hydrocarbon base fluid in comparison with water base that was synthetic brine. The IFT was measured at temperature 60 – 100 C and pressure 800 – 2500 psi ranges to imitate reservoir conditions and then estimate the capillary pressure. The results shows low permeability core samples under unsteady state condition has slightly high value as compared to tight core samples at steady state conditions which showed less severity to damage permeability caused by phase trapping block. SCAL reservoir simulation was also carried out to simulate relative permeability and capillary pressure curves using single 1-D black oil simulator. Further core flooding was required to observe the IFT and capillary pressure effect on phase trapping and validate these simulation outcomes.

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Paper 6: A WALKTHROUGH OF TRADITIONAL PROCESS OF KASHIKARI IN SINDH: A CASE STUDY OF NASARPUR (36-42)

Abstract: : Culture is a sign for development of any region. Sindh, Pakistan is a land of culture having thousands of years of historical background especially in terms of handicrafts unfortunately none of step had been taken in past for its preservation. Like other cultural source of income, Kashikari, an indigenous handicraft is one of such badly overlooked and ignored cultural elements that are suffering from the extreme downfall. This study focused on the documentation of one of important handicraft of Sindh namely, Kashikari. Nasarpur and Hala Kashikari is selected for the purpose of study. The primary data was collected in the form of questionnaires, interviews form Kashigars (practitioners of Kashikari handcraft) and local area public. Beside this visit to the cottage industries of the selected areas have also helped to achieve required data. This research firstly documents the traditional art of Kashikari from Sindh and secondly attempts to compensate literature scarcity on this very field. The ultimate documentation of the art will help for the revival and burgeoning of the declining art of Kashikari in Pakistan in general and Sindh in specific.

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Paper 7: STUDY OF URBAN FLOOD MODELLING USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS): A Review (43-48)

Abstract: :Urban flooding can be regarded as the most substantial infrastructure ruining factor around the globe. Urban rainwater flood is unpredictable phenomenon due to non-uniform nature of urban land uses. Urban floods can cause infrastructural damages, environmental damages, affect the daily lives of people, and in extreme cases, can be fatal. Hence, it is necessary to address urban planning and development issues related flooding in developing countries. Where often lacking of advanced flood modeling for urban development can be a triggering issue to be addressed. Therefore, this study was used in urban land use modeling to get the flow of Flood and rainwater. Urban rain water flood and GIS has been great combination. The review focuses on the future sustainability of cities and a detailed review on hydrological modelling. The review emphasis on flood water drain off with the help of hydrological modeling in GIS. The recommendation and proposal plan of future research direction are provided to better clarify the flood prone areas mechanism behind the concept of hydrological modelling.

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Paper 8: ARCHITECTURE OF MODERN AND TRADITIONAL BUILDINGS IN KARACHI: A CASE STUDY (49-56)

Abstract: : Aesthetics is one of the most important aspects of architectural design. This aspect is one of the major characteristics which differentiates between engineered building and architectural building. Therefore, this research revolves around the identification of visual arts in buildings by critical comparative analysis of various sorts of buildings in Karachi. It was observed during the research that the ornamentations used in the buildings of traditional era highlighted the culture, religion and character. Whereas, modern architecture lacked meaning due to the absence of ornamentations, responded very rigidly and was cold in nature. The research methodologies were qualitative and the methods employed for the collection of data were literature review, case studies, observations, interviews and questionnaires. The collected data was then analyzed through critical comparative analysis, in the light of opinions from renowned architects. The research concluded with the finding that the contemporary architecture may make room for incorporating and reviving ornamental features and concepts, for the enhancement of visual arts.

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Paper 9: INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND SUSTAINABILITY IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT (57-61)

Abstract: : An interdisciplinary art that emphases on the interchange concerning human beings and the environment is known as Environmental psychology. Which Introduced to the field of psychology the occurrence and impact of the built environment, which is largely ignored. To design the built environment Sustainable architecture always prefers an authentic and careful approach for energy and ecological conservation The health, mood and working capacity of people of a city Jacobabad is seriously affected by management of built environment. Which involves variables related to earth, how nature is accessed, shades, quality of air inside the building and much more. The residents also need to spend a good amount of money on the rework before and after start to live in the colony. The aspect of environmental psychology has been examine in this research work that contracts with relationship among humans and built environment variables or more specifically sustainability. The basic aim was to get perceptions from architects engineers and residents of colonies to know that how both the humans and built environments affect each other through the case study of Jacobabad environment. And what kind of considerations should be done to reduce the impact of unpleasant environment impacts on human behavior. Secondary data is collected through the available literature while the primary data is collected through the case studies, interviews, questionnaires, and perceptions of architect.

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