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Abstract: IThe Hybrid Electrical Vehicle (HEV) emerges as the new era solution for the pollution that is caused by conventional vehicles and battery shortage issue in electrical vehicles. This technology has got higher demands in the recent years. Due to increase in demand and manufacturers competitiveness, there is need of better control and management system for HEV for efficient and optimal control. Controller design plays a vital role in this regard as all the control actions are dependent upon it. Therefore, in this research, intelligent controller is designed that is based on Artificial Neural Network technique. Which shows better and effective results for controlling speed of HEV, making environment ecofriendly and eliminating all battery shortage issues.
Keywords: Artificial Neural Network; Control; Hybrid Electrical Vehicle; Management; Speed Controller
Abstract:Drying is an ancient and traditional way for preserving the food. An active method used worldwide to preserve the food is Solar Drying. Solar energy is present in nature in large quantity and is cost effective and thus appropriate for drying to get good yield, Due to their ability of locally manufacturing and existing they saves transport, time and cost. Solar dryer can be designed and fabricated locally in various sizes starting from small ones to big ones as demanded to dry the food, agricultural products and different items The tomato was dried in four days and remaining weight of sample at fourth day was 130 gm. While, the dryer can developed for industrial scale to save the capital cost. Food businesses would be influenced to use this solar dryer along with old techniques for making it efficient.
Keywords: Gamma Alumina; Kaolin; Nano Material; Nagar Parker; Environmental Friendly
Abstract: When companies operate internationally they face many challenges. One of the most important challenges is the culture. In international companies, it is usual practice that people from different nations, race, regions and religions live together and work together. Even when employees are ready and keen to work together, they may unintentionally confuse or even offend each other because of their diversified ways of perceiving things. The multicultural environment has great effect on teamwork and thus on business. It is believed that multicultural teams are the future of many organizations, and so is the case of Pakistani and Chinese organizations. In this period of time, there is growth of relationship between Pakistan and China. Many of the Pakistani and Chinese people are working together in order to achieve common goals. The focus of this research work is the teams composed of Pakistani and Chinese people. This research work aims to find out how is the teamwork when Pakistanis and Chinese nationals works together in teams. This research work not only provides us to understand a teamwork in multicultural environment but also provide us understanding between the people of Pakistan and China. Since decades, research has been going on for obtaining effective teamwork from multicultural teams. Multicultural teams have become a vital part in worldwide business environment. Working in a multicultural team requires great potential. Whether it is to lead a team or it is to talk with colleague, cultural differences create hindrances. It has been witnessed that lack of teamwork in multicultural teams, can cause failure of businesses. For the success of organizations, teamwork is essential requirement from multicultural teams.
Keywords: Teamwork; multicultural environment; factors affecting teamwork; strong or weak teamwork
Abstract: Due to the advances in Wireless Body Sensor Networks (WBSNs), IEEE standards association formed IEEE 802.15.6 task group for WBSNs. The purpose of this standard was to design new PHY and MAC layer for WBSN. In this work we have analyzed the performance of IEEE 802.15.6 standard for WBSN, using Baseline BAN MAC protocol. The results are analyzed considering different radios with different transmission powers and data rates, the effects of varying these parameters is observed on the latency and energy consumed per node. The results are validated using Castalia as a simulating too.
Keywords: Sensor; IEEE 80215.6; Physical layer; BAN MAC protocol; Radio signals
Abstract: : In geotechnical projects, one of the important and fundamental stages is to investigate the properties of soil and analysis of the required parameters for designing structures. The Compressibility of the soil is the main parameter of the soil in engineering construction work, which is important for engineering structures such as buildings, embankment, dams. The soil stabilization with lime is a common and most valuable technique, lime stabilization that was applied for changing the properties of soil. This research paper describes a study performed to examine the development in the soil properties, by using A-7-5 soil with different content of lime such as 05%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. In this research paper, compression index (Cc), Coefficient of consolidation (Cv) and Coefficient of volume compressibility (mv) were investigated.
Keywords: A-7-5 Soil; Lime; Consolidation pressure; Compression index; Coefficient of consolidation
Abstract: Inverted pendulum is a widely used mechanism in designing of robotic arm. The aim of this research is to model a self-tuned hybrid fuzzy logic (P+D & fuzzy) controller for inverted-pendulum; real time parameters are used in NI Lab-View software, for its proper modeling and controlling. This self-tuned PD works on error and is sent to computer-based model to generate suitable output for pendulum. The microcontroller-based interface gets input from rotational inverted pendulum; as per difference in error movement is updated via feedback signal of rotational angle measured by optical encoder until the stable position is achieved. The parameters of PD are set by self-tuning algorithm. Thus, the comparative analysis with previous work concludes that the research is very helpful for implementing the concept in self-stabilizing robots.
Keywords: Inverted pendulum; PD control; Self-tuned fuzzy controller; Lab-View; Stability
Abstract: Biometric features embarked an additional assistance to the existing security systems to surpass the genuine and trustworthy access. Amidst a bunch of conventional routinely techniques, Face and Fingerprint are worthwhile to accomplish the tasks of verification and identification of persons. Since, a reliable security system demands a full coverage of protection, so for making the system more stable, an integration of Face and Fingerprint system is designed for the authentic solutions. In this paper, the recognition for face and fingerprint is conducted by applying the algorithms of Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) feature extraction and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. The dataset used for the face recognition is ORL face dataset and the one used for the fingerprint is FVC fingerprint dataset. Furthermore, these datasets are split into training set consisting of 70% of the total samples and testing set consisting of 30% of the total images. The proposed algorithms provide the accuracy rate of 98% for the face and 78.7% for the fingerprint, whereas the accumulation of both face and fingerprint accuracy rate attains the value of 88.35%. The same datasets are also used with other two classifiers namely K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) and Decision Tree (D.T) to compare the existing results of SVM with both of these classifiers. But SVM exhibits the promising final outcomes in contrast to K-NN and D.T. So, keeping in view the favorable results of the SVM, it is chosen as a final classifier to continue this research work for analyzing the execution of suggested model.
Keywords:Biometrics; Facial Recognition; Fingerprint Recognition; Histogram of Oriented Gradients; Support Vector Machine
Abstract: In the 21st Century, we are coming into an era of computing, machines, intelligent devices and gadgets and soon. Internet of Things is basically a sort of a “worldwide international neural network” in the cloud which links numerous things. Nanotechnology is getting evolve day by day with the assistance of the Internet of Things. Nanotechnology has evolved so much that it is providing solutions to several applications ranging from farming to industries and soldierly. Due to many technologies are getting linked with the internet many new areas are upcoming in front, one of the area is the Internet of Nano things. This paper is planned to introduce a brief summary about the Internet of Nano things. Also, is planned to examine the future research direction of an Internet of Nano Things.
Keywords: Internet of Things; Internet of Nano Things;, Nanotechnology; Nano Sensors; Nano Robots
Abstract: Gesture is one of the most efficient and vivid way of communication between a human and computer. This study investigates to access the method of human interaction with digital world by performing gestures with hand movement that will control computer mouse pointer with hand gestures in a cost-effective manner that is by using the built-in computer webcam. The basic aim of this work is to develop easier ways for human to interact with computers which is possible by hand gesture recognition. Controlling computer wirelessly by only our hand movements will introduce a new feature for future enhancements.
Keywords:Color Recognition; Human Computer Interaction; Mouse Events; Hand Gesture; Cursor Control
Abstract: This paper examines the effect of vegetation on buildings at macro and micro climate levels. The vegetation judiciously put its impact on environment through strategic landscaping and careful selection of flora. Plants have potential to moderate environment, save energy & resources and develop a beautiful visual look of an area. Strategically and historically human has learned that by placing vegetation around a building is means of cooling and beautifying the space. Obviously, it reduces temperatures & humidity, control dust & smoke through natural phenomenon of plant’s living and breathing. Plants inhale carbon dioxide in the day time and release oxygen in return. This process reverses in the night. Naturally the need of oxygen is high in day time and low in night therefore this phenomenon of inhaling of plants in day and night times serves humanity and people take advantage of this system and use the plantation in their living environment. The effects and impacts of the vegetation were measured by means of analyzing two blocks of apartment having same location and design. One is garlanded with plants and other was left barren. Moreover the climatic data was measured in between Feb 2018 to May 2018, for this purpose data logger was installed on both building to record mean radiant temperature of both buildings at same time. The results were interesting the indoor temperature of -shaded building was recorded in between of 37.5°C to 31.1°C. Whereas the shaded building remain maintained at 34.2°C to 24.2°C . The initial findings demonstrate that sensible vegetation can help in reducing temperature in buildings and allows breeze and fresh air to penetrate inside a building without contamination as trees filter out air that contains dust, smoke, chemicals and organic particles in it.
Keywords: Effect of vegetation on buildings; Macro and micro climate; Plants inhale carbon dioxide; Garlanded with plants; Sensible vegetationn
Abstract: Moenjodaro is made on platform of 20 ft high that revealed from the excavations and later on the platform was further filled with rubbish and made high. The.re is a substantial quantity of original structure that is constructed on earth fills and debris. The same are in danger because of wrong and uneven excavations, environmental threats and human walk. The disintegration and crumbling of structures is caused by the natural environment; sun and rains. Mobs move over the structures that are already week due to flush of rain. In order to preserve such structures thorough studies are conducted on specific site and observation was made by study of surfaces at macro and micro levels. Traces of the rain and the provisions of human degradation and disintegrations were studied. The structures standing on mud fills that were already treated by the department of archaeology found erroneous in various ways that is evident from the observations and record found on file where ignorance and lack of study is main causes. Some conservation and preservations techniques were evolved on the basis of preliminary observations and that were tested and reviewed against the old methods. A new method seems very encouraging and hopefully the authorities would be able to benefit from this research. The action included stabilization of soil around the structures by means of adobe layers, mud plaster and mud slurry. Later on the results tested and found very much positive to stop decay.
Keywords: World Heritage; Excavations on the site reveal environmental threats; earth fills and debris; environmental threats and human walk; surface disintegration; conservation
